Originally posted by shaolin_mike
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Basicall it works like this, modern processors work by transistors that regulate the flow of current. Anything above 3 Volts is a 1, anything below is a 0. The smallest transistors that we have are currently in developement - 30 nanometres, I think. The processor of the computer I'm using is 65 nanometres and anything over a year old is 90. Quantum computers work by
having atoms do this. An atom can be a 1, a 0 or BOTH at the same time! This is what gives them the huge speed, they literally work at the speed of light (well, very, VERY close to it). Now, these computers are in developement. Normal 128 bit encryption, which would take my very up-to-date computer about 100 trillion years to crack, can be cracked by these quantum computers in seconds - but only if no one is looking at them! When they are observed, the atoms, which were both 1 and 0 at the same time, collapse into a state of being one or the other. Thus the computer slows down and becomes an egg timer.
This principle really blew my mind when I heard about it! Here's a good run-down on it: http://computer.howstuffworks.com/quantum-computer.htm
and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_entanglement
Well, sorry for goin off-topic,
All the best,
Diarmuid
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